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Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Benfotiamine prevents macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress following a meal rich in advanced glycation end products in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Homocysteine, B-vitamins and CVD
Riboflavin lowers homocysteine in individuals homozygous for the MTHFR 677C->T polymorphism
Relation between diet composition and coronary heart disease risk factors
Vitamin B3 (Inositol hexaicotinate)
Welsh AL, Eade M. ‘IHN is more effective than niacin in its hypocholesterolemic,
antihypertensive and lipotropic effects: Inositol hexanicotinate for improved nicotinic acid therapy, ‘
Int Record Med 1961;174:9-15.
Dorner V, Fischer FW. ‘The influence of m-inositol hexanicotinate ester on the serum lipids and lipoproteins,’ Arzneim-Forsch 1961;11:110-113.
Sommer H. ‘Nicotinic acid levels in the blood and fibrinolysis under the influence of the hexanicotinic ester of m-inositol, ‘ Arzneim Forsch. 1975;15:1337
El-Enein AMA, Hafez YS, Salem H, Abdel M. ‘The role of nicotinic acid and inositol hexaniacinate as anticholesterolemic and antilipemic agents,’Nutr Reports Int 1983;28:899-911. "IHN was found to be more effective than niacin in reducing hypercholesterolemia"
Vitamin B5 (Pantethine)
Evaluation of the cholesterol-lowering effectiveness of pantethine in women in perimenopausal age
Pantethine improves the lipid abnormalities of chronic hemodialysis patients: results of a multicenter clinical trial
Effect of pantethine on lipoprotein profiles and HDL subfractions in experimentally hypercholesterolemic rabbits
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal-5-phosphate)
Vitamins, homocysteine and cardiovascular risk
Reduction of homocysteine levels in coronary artery disease by low-dose folic acid combined with vitamins B6 and B12
Folic Acid
Effects of folic acid and vitamin B complex on serum C-reactive protein and albumin levels in stable hemodialysis patients
Global improvement of vascular function and redox state with low-dose folic acid: implications for folate therapy in patients with coronary artery disease
Effect of homocysteine-lowering nutrients on blood lipids: results from four randomised, placebo-controlled studies in healthy humans
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)
Vitamins, homocysteine and cardiovascular risk
Importance of both folic acid and vitamin B12 in reduction of risk of vascular disease
Magnesium
Role of dietary magnesium in cardiovascular disease prevention, insulin sensitivity and diabetes
Oral magnesium therapy, exercise heart rate, exercise tolerance, and myocardial function in coronary artery disease patients
Magnesium in congestive heart failure
Effects of oral magnesium therapy on exercise tolerance, exercise-induced chest pain, and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease
Oral magnesium therapy improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease
Zinc
The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals
Effect of heavy metal ions on function of vascular endothelium in patients with ischemic heart disease
Copper
Serum copper and zinc concentrations are lower in Iranian patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease than in subjects with a normal angiogram
Trimethylglycine
Orally administered betaine has an acute and dose-dependent effect on serum betaine and plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy humans
Betaine supplementation decreases plasma homocysteine concentrations but does not affect body weight, body composition, or resting energy expenditure in human subjects.
Dimethylglycine
Dietary and supplementary betaine: acute effects on plasma betaine and homocysteine concentrations under standard and postmethionine load conditions in healthy male subjects
CoQ10 (Ubiquinol)
Effect of coenzyme Q10 administration on endothelial function and extracellular superoxide dismutase in patients with ischaemic heart disease: a double-blind, randomized controlled study
Physiological aspects of ubiquinone supplementation in cardiovascular pathology
Coenzyme Q in cardiovascular disease
Alpha Lipoic Acid
Lipoic acid as a novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Lipoic acid as a potential therapy for chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress
Vitamin E Succinate
Cardiovascular disease: C-reactive protein and the inflammatory disease paradigm: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, alpha-tocopherol, red yeast rice, and olive oil polyphenols. A review of the literature
Vitamin K2 (as Menaquinone-7)
Dietary intake of menaquinone is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: the Rotterdam Study
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